Buying & Selling

Maintenance

Finance & Insurance

Car Care

Road Scholar

Buying & Selling

Maintenance

Finance & Insurance

Car Care

Road Scholar

Glossary

ABS (Anti-lock Braking System)

A safety system that allows the wheels on a motor vehicle to maintain tractive contact with the road surface according to driver inputs while braking, preventing the wheels from locking up and avoiding uncontrolled skidding.

ABS (Anti-lock Braking System)

Air Filter

A device composed of fibrous materials which removes solid particulates such as dust, pollen, mold, and bacteria from the air that enters your engine.

Air Filter

A device composed of fibrous materials which removes solid particulates such as dust, pollen, mold, and bacteria from the air that enters your engine.

Air Filter

A device composed of fibrous materials which removes solid particulates such as dust, pollen, mold, and bacteria from the air that enters your engine.

Airbag

A vehicle safety device designed to inflate rapidly in the event of a collision and prevent passengers from striking interior objects such as the steering wheel or a window.

Airbag

A vehicle safety device designed to inflate rapidly in the event of a collision and prevent passengers from striking interior objects such as the steering wheel or a window.

Airbag

A vehicle safety device designed to inflate rapidly in the event of a collision and prevent passengers from striking interior objects such as the steering wheel or a window.

Alternator

Part of a vehicle's charging system that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy in the form of alternating current to power the vehicle's electrical systems and recharge the battery.

Alternator

Part of a vehicle's charging system that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy in the form of alternating current to power the vehicle's electrical systems and recharge the battery.

Alternator

Part of a vehicle's charging system that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy in the form of alternating current to power the vehicle's electrical systems and recharge the battery.

All-Wheel Drive (AWD)

A drivetrain that employs a front, rear, and center differential to provide power to all four wheels of a vehicle.

All-Wheel Drive (AWD)

A drivetrain that employs a front, rear, and center differential to provide power to all four wheels of a vehicle.

All-Wheel Drive (AWD)

A drivetrain that employs a front, rear, and center differential to provide power to all four wheels of a vehicle.

Alloy Wheels

Automobile wheels which are made from an alloy of aluminum or magnesium. Alloys are lighter and provide better heat conduction than steel wheels, and are also often more visually appealing

Alloy Wheels

Automobile wheels which are made from an alloy of aluminum or magnesium. Alloys are lighter and provide better heat conduction than steel wheels, and are also often more visually appealing

Alloy Wheels

Automobile wheels which are made from an alloy of aluminum or magnesium. Alloys are lighter and provide better heat conduction than steel wheels, and are also often more visually appealing

Anti-roll Bar (Sway Bar)

A bar or tube linking the opposite wheels of a suspension to reduce body roll during fast cornering or over road irregularities.

Anti-roll Bar (Sway Bar)

A bar or tube linking the opposite wheels of a suspension to reduce body roll during fast cornering or over road irregularities.

Anti-roll Bar (Sway Bar)

A bar or tube linking the opposite wheels of a suspension to reduce body roll during fast cornering or over road irregularities.

Aspect Ratio

The relationship of a tire's sidewall height to its section width, with the sidewall height expressed as a percentage of the section width. The lower the ratio, the smaller the sidewall height.

Aspect Ratio

The relationship of a tire's sidewall height to its section width, with the sidewall height expressed as a percentage of the section width. The lower the ratio, the smaller the sidewall height.

Aspect Ratio

The relationship of a tire's sidewall height to its section width, with the sidewall height expressed as a percentage of the section width. The lower the ratio, the smaller the sidewall height.

Auto Broker

In California, an Auto Broker is a licensed professional who assists clients in the car buying process, such as identifying suitable vehicles, negotiating prices, and facilitating the purchase. As per California Vehicle Code 11735, an Auto Broker acts as an agent for the consumer, offering services for arranging or effecting the purchase of a vehicle not owned by the dealer. The code mandates that Auto Brokers observe a fiduciary duty of utmost care, integrity, honesty, and loyalty in dealings with their principal or principals. State regulations require these professionals to pass an exam similar to other car dealers, ensuring they are knowledgeable about vehicle sales rules. It's crucial to note that the specifics of Auto Broker roles and responsibilities can vary based on different state regulations and laws.

Auto Broker

Automatic Transmission

A type of motor vehicle transmission that automatically changes the gear ratios as the vehicle moves, freeing the driver from having to shift gears manually.

Automatic Transmission

A type of motor vehicle transmission that automatically changes the gear ratios as the vehicle moves, freeing the driver from having to shift gears manually.

Automatic Transmission

A type of motor vehicle transmission that automatically changes the gear ratios as the vehicle moves, freeing the driver from having to shift gears manually.

Axle

A central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. In vehicles, it may be fixed to the wheels, rotating with them, or fixed to the vehicle, with the wheels rotating around the axle.

Axle

A central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. In vehicles, it may be fixed to the wheels, rotating with them, or fixed to the vehicle, with the wheels rotating around the axle.

Axle

A central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. In vehicles, it may be fixed to the wheels, rotating with them, or fixed to the vehicle, with the wheels rotating around the axle.

Ball Joint

A flexible joint consisting of a ball in a socket, used in suspension systems to provide a pivot point for controlling steering and absorbing shock.

Ball Joint

A flexible joint consisting of a ball in a socket, used in suspension systems to provide a pivot point for controlling steering and absorbing shock.

Ball Joint

A flexible joint consisting of a ball in a socket, used in suspension systems to provide a pivot point for controlling steering and absorbing shock.

Battery

The car's power storage unit. It supplies electrical energy to a vehicle, powering its starter motor, lights, and ignition system.

Battery

The car's power storage unit. It supplies electrical energy to a vehicle, powering its starter motor, lights, and ignition system.

Battery

The car's power storage unit. It supplies electrical energy to a vehicle, powering its starter motor, lights, and ignition system.

Belt

A loop of flexible material used to link two or more rotating shafts. In vehicles, belts are often used to drive components such as the alternator, water pump, and air-conditioning compressor.

Belt

A loop of flexible material used to link two or more rotating shafts. In vehicles, belts are often used to drive components such as the alternator, water pump, and air-conditioning compressor.

Belt

A loop of flexible material used to link two or more rotating shafts. In vehicles, belts are often used to drive components such as the alternator, water pump, and air-conditioning compressor.

Blind Spot Detection (BSD)

A vehicle-based sensor device that detects other vehicles located to the driver’s side and rear.

Blind Spot Detection (BSD)

A vehicle-based sensor device that detects other vehicles located to the driver’s side and rear.

Blind Spot Detection (BSD)

A vehicle-based sensor device that detects other vehicles located to the driver’s side and rear.

Blow-off Valve (BOV)

A pressure release system present in most turbocharged engines. Its purpose is to prevent compressor surge, and reduce wear on the turbocharger and engine.

Blow-off Valve (BOV)

A pressure release system present in most turbocharged engines. Its purpose is to prevent compressor surge, and reduce wear on the turbocharger and engine.

Blow-off Valve (BOV)

A pressure release system present in most turbocharged engines. Its purpose is to prevent compressor surge, and reduce wear on the turbocharger and engine.

Brake Caliper

A part of the disc brake system, which houses the brake pads and pistons. When you apply the brakes, brake fluid creates pressure on the pistons in the brake caliper, causing the brake pads to clamp down on the rotors.

Brake Caliper

Brake Disc

Also known as a rotor in a disc brake system. It is the part that brake pads clamp down on to stop the wheels from spinning.

Brake Disc

Also known as a rotor in a disc brake system. It is the part that brake pads clamp down on to stop the wheels from spinning.

Brake Disc

Also known as a rotor in a disc brake system. It is the part that brake pads clamp down on to stop the wheels from spinning.

Brake Pad

Component of the brake system that creates friction against the discs, drums or rotors, slowing or stopping your vehicle.

Brake Pad

Component of the brake system that creates friction against the discs, drums or rotors, slowing or stopping your vehicle.

Brake Pad

Component of the brake system that creates friction against the discs, drums or rotors, slowing or stopping your vehicle.

Bushings

Rubberized sleeves or linings that reduce friction or vibration at joints, typically cylindrical.

Bushings

Rubberized sleeves or linings that reduce friction or vibration at joints, typically cylindrical.

Bushings

Rubberized sleeves or linings that reduce friction or vibration at joints, typically cylindrical.

Bore

The diameter of an engine cylinder or a bearing, or the interior diameter of a tube or pipe.

Bore

The diameter of an engine cylinder or a bearing, or the interior diameter of a tube or pipe.

Bore

The diameter of an engine cylinder or a bearing, or the interior diameter of a tube or pipe.

Cabin Air Filter

A filtration device that removes contaminants from the air that is circulated in the passenger compartment.

Cabin Air Filter

A filtration device that removes contaminants from the air that is circulated in the passenger compartment.

Cabin Air Filter

A filtration device that removes contaminants from the air that is circulated in the passenger compartment.

Camshaft

A rotating object— usually made of metal— that contains pointed cams, which alternately press against and release mechanical devices.

Camshaft

A rotating object— usually made of metal— that contains pointed cams, which alternately press against and release mechanical devices.

Camshaft

A rotating object— usually made of metal— that contains pointed cams, which alternately press against and release mechanical devices.

Carburetor

A device in an internal combustion engine for mixing air with a fine spray of liquid fuel. Mostly replaced by fuel injection systems in newer vehicles.

Carburetor

A device in an internal combustion engine for mixing air with a fine spray of liquid fuel. Mostly replaced by fuel injection systems in newer vehicles.

Carburetor

A device in an internal combustion engine for mixing air with a fine spray of liquid fuel. Mostly replaced by fuel injection systems in newer vehicles.

Catalytic Converter

An exhaust emission control device that reduces toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine into less-toxic pollutants.

Catalytic Converter

An exhaust emission control device that reduces toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine into less-toxic pollutants.

Catalytic Converter

An exhaust emission control device that reduces toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine into less-toxic pollutants.

Chassis

The base frame of a motor vehicle or other wheeled conveyance.

Chassis

The base frame of a motor vehicle or other wheeled conveyance.

Chassis

The base frame of a motor vehicle or other wheeled conveyance.

Clutch

A mechanical device that engages and disengages power transmission, especially from a drive shaft to a driven shaft.

Clutch

A mechanical device that engages and disengages power transmission, especially from a drive shaft to a driven shaft.

Clutch

A mechanical device that engages and disengages power transmission, especially from a drive shaft to a driven shaft.

Coil Spring

A type of spring, often made of metal, used in suspension systems to absorb shock and maintain a vehicle's height.

Coil Spring

A type of spring, often made of metal, used in suspension systems to absorb shock and maintain a vehicle's height.

Coil Spring

A type of spring, often made of metal, used in suspension systems to absorb shock and maintain a vehicle's height.

Combustion Chamber

The space where gasoline is burned in an engine. This burning process creates the force needed to move the vehicle.

Combustion Chamber

The space where gasoline is burned in an engine. This burning process creates the force needed to move the vehicle.

Combustion Chamber

The space where gasoline is burned in an engine. This burning process creates the force needed to move the vehicle.

Constant Velocity (CV) Joint

Part of a drive shaft, the CV joint provides flexible connectivity between the transmission and the wheels at a constant rotational speed.

Constant Velocity (CV) Joint

Part of a drive shaft, the CV joint provides flexible connectivity between the transmission and the wheels at a constant rotational speed.

Constant Velocity (CV) Joint

Part of a drive shaft, the CV joint provides flexible connectivity between the transmission and the wheels at a constant rotational speed.

Control Arm

A suspension link that connects the hub carrying the wheel to the chassis of the vehicle.

Control Arm

A suspension link that connects the hub carrying the wheel to the chassis of the vehicle.

Control Arm

A suspension link that connects the hub carrying the wheel to the chassis of the vehicle.

Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT)

A Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) is a type of automatic car transmission system that seamlessly changes through an infinite number of effective gear ratios between maximum and minimum values. This contrasts with other mechanical transmissions that offer a fixed number of gear ratios. The flexibility of a CVT allows the driving shaft to maintain a constant angular velocity over a range of output velocities, providing better fuel efficiency and a smoother ride. It's essential to note that while CVTs provide these advantages, they may not offer the same level of power or speed as traditional automatic or manual transmissions. Therefore, it's crucial for potential car buyers to consider their driving needs and preferences when choosing between a CVT and other types of transmissions.

Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT)

Crankshaft

A shaft with one or more cranks, especially the main shaft of an internal combustion engine to which the connecting rods are attached.

Crankshaft

A shaft with one or more cranks, especially the main shaft of an internal combustion engine to which the connecting rods are attached.

Crankshaft

A shaft with one or more cranks, especially the main shaft of an internal combustion engine to which the connecting rods are attached.

Diesel Engine

A type of internal combustion engine that ignites fuel by compressing it, unlike gasoline engines, which use a spark plug.

Diesel Engine

A type of internal combustion engine that ignites fuel by compressing it, unlike gasoline engines, which use a spark plug.

Diesel Engine

A type of internal combustion engine that ignites fuel by compressing it, unlike gasoline engines, which use a spark plug.

Differential

A device, usually consisting of gears, for allowing each of the driving wheels of a vehicle to rotate at different speeds.

Differential

A device, usually consisting of gears, for allowing each of the driving wheels of a vehicle to rotate at different speeds.

Differential

A device, usually consisting of gears, for allowing each of the driving wheels of a vehicle to rotate at different speeds.

Direct Injection

Direct Injection is a fuel delivery technology utilized in internal combustion engines, where fuel is sprayed directly into the engine's combustion chamber. This process accelerates combustion, leading to enhanced power and efficiency. Typically, a Direct Injection engine employs two fuel pumps: a low-pressure pump that transports fuel from the tank, and a high-pressure pump that injects fuel into the combustion chamber. The main advantage of Direct Injection is its superior fuel efficiency, which results in reduced emissions and improved engine performance. However, it may also lead to increased engine noise and potential long-term maintenance challenges, such as carbon build-up. Thus, while Direct Injection represents an important advancement in fuel technology, car buyers should weigh its benefits against potential drawbacks when selecting a vehicle.

Direct Injection

Disc Brakes

Disc brakes are a type of braking system that utilizes calipers to squeeze pairs of pads against a disc, also known as a rotor, to create friction. This friction slows the rotation of the vehicle's wheels, effectively bringing the vehicle to a stop. The process begins when the driver presses the brake pedal. This mechanical force is amplified by the brake booster (a servo system) and converted into hydraulic pressure. Disc brakes are similar to bicycle brakes, where the brake pads are squeezed against the wheel. Notably, disc brakes provide powerful and reliable braking in various conditions, making them a popular choice for vehicles ranging from cars to off-road bicycles. However, like any system, disc brakes require regular maintenance, including checking and replacing brake calipers, pads, and rotors as necessary, to ensure optimal performance and safety.

Disc Brakes

Distributor

A device in the ignition system of an internal combustion engine that routes high voltage from the ignition coil to the spark plugs in the correct firing order.

Distributor

A device in the ignition system of an internal combustion engine that routes high voltage from the ignition coil to the spark plugs in the correct firing order.

Distributor

A device in the ignition system of an internal combustion engine that routes high voltage from the ignition coil to the spark plugs in the correct firing order.

Drivetrain

The group of components that deliver power to the driving wheels. This includes the engine, transmission, the driveshaft, differential, axles, and the wheels.

Drivetrain

The group of components that deliver power to the driving wheels. This includes the engine, transmission, the driveshaft, differential, axles, and the wheels.

Drivetrain

The group of components that deliver power to the driving wheels. This includes the engine, transmission, the driveshaft, differential, axles, and the wheels.

Drum Brakes

A brake that uses friction caused by a set of shoes or pads that press outward against a rotating cylinder-shaped part called a brake drum.

Drum Brakes

A brake that uses friction caused by a set of shoes or pads that press outward against a rotating cylinder-shaped part called a brake drum.

Drum Brakes

A brake that uses friction caused by a set of shoes or pads that press outward against a rotating cylinder-shaped part called a brake drum.

Downforce

The downward thrust created by the aerodynamic characteristics of a car. The purpose of downforce is to allow a car to travel faster through a corner by increasing the vertical force on the tires, creating more grip.

Downforce

Drag Coefficient

A dimensionless quantity that is used to quantify the drag or resistance of an object in a fluid environment, such as air.

Drag Coefficient

A dimensionless quantity that is used to quantify the drag or resistance of an object in a fluid environment, such as air.

Drag Coefficient

A dimensionless quantity that is used to quantify the drag or resistance of an object in a fluid environment, such as air.

Double Overhead Camshaft (DOHC)

An engine design with two camshafts per bank of the cylinder head, one for intake valves and one for exhaust valves.

Double Overhead Camshaft (DOHC)

An engine design with two camshafts per bank of the cylinder head, one for intake valves and one for exhaust valves.

Double Overhead Camshaft (DOHC)

An engine design with two camshafts per bank of the cylinder head, one for intake valves and one for exhaust valves.

Electronic Control Unit (ECU)

The computer that manages numerous aspects of a vehicle's engine, including fuel mixture and ignition timing.

Electronic Control Unit (ECU)

The computer that manages numerous aspects of a vehicle's engine, including fuel mixture and ignition timing.

Electronic Control Unit (ECU)

The computer that manages numerous aspects of a vehicle's engine, including fuel mixture and ignition timing.

Electronic Stability Control (ESC)

A technology that improves a vehicle’s stability by detecting and reducing loss of traction.

Electronic Stability Control (ESC)

A technology that improves a vehicle’s stability by detecting and reducing loss of traction.

Electronic Stability Control (ESC)

A technology that improves a vehicle’s stability by detecting and reducing loss of traction.

Emissions

Waste gases produced by a vehicle's engine, expelled through the exhaust system.

Emissions

Waste gases produced by a vehicle's engine, expelled through the exhaust system.

Emissions

Waste gases produced by a vehicle's engine, expelled through the exhaust system.

Engine Block

The core of the engine, where combustion occurs.

Engine Block

The core of the engine, where combustion occurs.

Engine Block

The core of the engine, where combustion occurs.

Engine Control Module (ECM)

Another term for the car's computer that controls the operation of the engine.

Engine Control Module (ECM)

Another term for the car's computer that controls the operation of the engine.

Engine Control Module (ECM)

Another term for the car's computer that controls the operation of the engine.

Engine Cooling System

A system in a car that maintains an optimal engine operating temperature.

Engine Cooling System

A system in a car that maintains an optimal engine operating temperature.

Engine Cooling System

A system in a car that maintains an optimal engine operating temperature.

Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI)

A system that injects fuel into an internal combustion engine.

Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI)

A system that injects fuel into an internal combustion engine.

Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI)

A system that injects fuel into an internal combustion engine.

Engine Displacement

The total volume of all the cylinders in an engine added together.

Engine Displacement

The total volume of all the cylinders in an engine added together.

Engine Displacement

The total volume of all the cylinders in an engine added together.

Evaporative Emission Control (EVAP) System

The system that prevents gasoline vapors from the fuel tank from escaping into the atmosphere.

Evaporative Emission Control (EVAP) System

The system that prevents gasoline vapors from the fuel tank from escaping into the atmosphere.

Evaporative Emission Control (EVAP) System

The system that prevents gasoline vapors from the fuel tank from escaping into the atmosphere.

Exhaust System

A piping system used to guide reaction exhaust gases away from a controlled combustion inside an engine.

Exhaust System

A piping system used to guide reaction exhaust gases away from a controlled combustion inside an engine.

Exhaust System

A piping system used to guide reaction exhaust gases away from a controlled combustion inside an engine.

Four-Wheel Drive (4WD)

A type of drivetrain that allows all four of the vehicle's wheels to receive power from the engine simultaneously.

Four-Wheel Drive (4WD)

A type of drivetrain that allows all four of the vehicle's wheels to receive power from the engine simultaneously.

Four-Wheel Drive (4WD)

A type of drivetrain that allows all four of the vehicle's wheels to receive power from the engine simultaneously.

Fuel Economy

The relationship between the distance traveled and the amount of fuel consumed by the vehicle.

Fuel Economy

The relationship between the distance traveled and the amount of fuel consumed by the vehicle.

Fuel Economy

The relationship between the distance traveled and the amount of fuel consumed by the vehicle.

Fuel Injection

A system for admitting fuel into an internal combustion engine.

Fuel Injection

A system for admitting fuel into an internal combustion engine.

Fuel Injection

A system for admitting fuel into an internal combustion engine.

Fuel Pump

A component in a motor vehicle that transfers liquid from the fuel tank to the engine.

Fuel Pump

A component in a motor vehicle that transfers liquid from the fuel tank to the engine.

Fuel Pump

A component in a motor vehicle that transfers liquid from the fuel tank to the engine.

Fender

A part of a vehicle that frames a wheel well.

Fender

A part of a vehicle that frames a wheel well.

Fender

A part of a vehicle that frames a wheel well.

Flywheel

A mechanical device specifically designed to efficiently store rotational energy.

Flywheel

A mechanical device specifically designed to efficiently store rotational energy.

Flywheel

A mechanical device specifically designed to efficiently store rotational energy.

Fog Lights

Extra lights on a vehicle that are designed to help in foggy conditions.

Fog Lights

Extra lights on a vehicle that are designed to help in foggy conditions.

Fog Lights

Extra lights on a vehicle that are designed to help in foggy conditions.

Front-Wheel Drive (FWD)

A type of drivetrain that allows the front wheels of a vehicle to receive power from the engine.

Front-Wheel Drive (FWD)

A type of drivetrain that allows the front wheels of a vehicle to receive power from the engine.

Front-Wheel Drive (FWD)

A type of drivetrain that allows the front wheels of a vehicle to receive power from the engine.

Fuel Filter

A filter in the fuel line that screens out dirt and rust particles from the fuel.

Fuel Filter

A filter in the fuel line that screens out dirt and rust particles from the fuel.

Fuel Filter

A filter in the fuel line that screens out dirt and rust particles from the fuel.

Fuel Pressure Regulator

A device designed to maintain a constant fuel pressure for the fuel injectors.

Fuel Pressure Regulator

A device designed to maintain a constant fuel pressure for the fuel injectors.

Fuel Pressure Regulator

A device designed to maintain a constant fuel pressure for the fuel injectors.

Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI)

A form of fuel injection employed in modern two-stroke and four-stroke gasoline engines.

Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI)

A form of fuel injection employed in modern two-stroke and four-stroke gasoline engines.

Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI)

A form of fuel injection employed in modern two-stroke and four-stroke gasoline engines.

Gearbox

Another term for transmission, the gearbox alters the gear ratio between the engine and the wheels.

Gearbox

Another term for transmission, the gearbox alters the gear ratio between the engine and the wheels.

Gearbox

Another term for transmission, the gearbox alters the gear ratio between the engine and the wheels.

Ground Clearance

The distance between the base of an automobile tire and the lowest point of the vehicle body.

Ground Clearance

The distance between the base of an automobile tire and the lowest point of the vehicle body.

Ground Clearance

The distance between the base of an automobile tire and the lowest point of the vehicle body.

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR)

The maximum operating weight/mass of a vehicle as specified by the manufacturer including the vehicle's chassis, body, engine, engine fluids, fuel, accessories, driver, passengers, and cargo but excluding that of any trailers.

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR)

Gasket

A type of seal, usually made from sheet metal, that ensures a tight connection between engine components.

Gasket

A type of seal, usually made from sheet metal, that ensures a tight connection between engine components.

Gasket

A type of seal, usually made from sheet metal, that ensures a tight connection between engine components.

Gas Guzzler

An automobile that is perceived to burn a lot of fuel.

Gas Guzzler

An automobile that is perceived to burn a lot of fuel.

Gas Guzzler

An automobile that is perceived to burn a lot of fuel.

Grille

The part of a car that allows air to enter the radiator to help cool the engine.

Grille

The part of a car that allows air to enter the radiator to help cool the engine.

Grille

The part of a car that allows air to enter the radiator to help cool the engine.

Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR)

The maximum distributed weight that may be supported by an axle of a road vehicle.

Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR)

The maximum distributed weight that may be supported by an axle of a road vehicle.

Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR)

The maximum distributed weight that may be supported by an axle of a road vehicle.

Gear Ratio

The ratio between the rates at which the last and first gears rotate.

Gear Ratio

The ratio between the rates at which the last and first gears rotate.

Gear Ratio

The ratio between the rates at which the last and first gears rotate.

Global Positioning System (GPS)

A navigation system that provides location and time information in

Global Positioning System (GPS)

A navigation system that provides location and time information in

Global Positioning System (GPS)

A navigation system that provides location and time information in

Horsepower (HP)

A unit of measurement used to denote the power of engines, most commonly in cars.

Horsepower (HP)

A unit of measurement used to denote the power of engines, most commonly in cars.

Horsepower (HP)

A unit of measurement used to denote the power of engines, most commonly in cars.

Hatchback

A car body style featuring a rear door that swings upward to provide access to a cargo area.

Hatchback

A car body style featuring a rear door that swings upward to provide access to a cargo area.

Hatchback

A car body style featuring a rear door that swings upward to provide access to a cargo area.

Hybrid Vehicle

A car that uses more than one means of propulsion - combining a petrol or diesel engine with an electric motor.

Hybrid Vehicle

A car that uses more than one means of propulsion - combining a petrol or diesel engine with an electric motor.

Hybrid Vehicle

A car that uses more than one means of propulsion - combining a petrol or diesel engine with an electric motor.

Head Gasket

A gasket that sits between the engine block and cylinder head(s) in an internal combustion engine.

Head Gasket

A gasket that sits between the engine block and cylinder head(s) in an internal combustion engine.

Head Gasket

A gasket that sits between the engine block and cylinder head(s) in an internal combustion engine.

Headlights

The lights on the front of a vehicle, designed to illuminate the road ahead during periods of low visibility.

Headlights

The lights on the front of a vehicle, designed to illuminate the road ahead during periods of low visibility.

Headlights

The lights on the front of a vehicle, designed to illuminate the road ahead during periods of low visibility.

Headrest

An automotive safety feature, attached or integrated into the top of each seat to prevent whiplash.

Headrest

An automotive safety feature, attached or integrated into the top of each seat to prevent whiplash.

Headrest

An automotive safety feature, attached or integrated into the top of each seat to prevent whiplash.

Heater Core

A radiator-like device used in heating the cabin of a vehicle.

Heater Core

A radiator-like device used in heating the cabin of a vehicle.

Heater Core

A radiator-like device used in heating the cabin of a vehicle.

High-Intensity Discharge (HID) Lamps

A type of electrical gas-discharge lamp which produces light by means of an electric arc between tungsten electrodes housed inside a translucent or transparent fused quartz or fused alumina arc tube.

High-Intensity Discharge (HID) Lamps

A type of electrical gas-discharge lamp which produces light by means of an electric arc between tungsten electrodes housed inside a translucent or transparent fused quartz or fused alumina arc tube.

High-Intensity Discharge (HID) Lamps

A type of electrical gas-discharge lamp which produces light by means of an electric arc between tungsten electrodes housed inside a translucent or transparent fused quartz or fused alumina arc tube.

Hood

The hinged cover over the engine of motor vehicles that allows access to the engine compartment.

Hood

The hinged cover over the engine of motor vehicles that allows access to the engine compartment.

Hood

The hinged cover over the engine of motor vehicles that allows access to the engine compartment.

Hydraulic Brake Fluid

A type of non-compressible fluid used in hydraulic clutches and brake systems.

Hydraulic Brake Fluid

A type of non-compressible fluid used in hydraulic clutches and brake systems.

Hydraulic Brake Fluid

A type of non-compressible fluid used in hydraulic clutches and brake systems.

Ignition System

The system that ignites the air/fuel mixture in a car's engine.

Ignition System

The system that ignites the air/fuel mixture in a car's engine.

Ignition System

The system that ignites the air/fuel mixture in a car's engine.

Internal Combustion Engine (ICE)

A heat engine where the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer in a combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit.

Internal Combustion Engine (ICE)

A heat engine where the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer in a combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit.

Internal Combustion Engine (ICE)

A heat engine where the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer in a combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit.

Idle Speed

The rotational speed an engine runs on when the engine is uncoupled from the drivetrain and the throttle pedal isn't depressed.

Idle Speed

The rotational speed an engine runs on when the engine is uncoupled from the drivetrain and the throttle pedal isn't depressed.

Idle Speed

The rotational speed an engine runs on when the engine is uncoupled from the drivetrain and the throttle pedal isn't depressed.

Independent Suspension

A type of vehicle suspension system that allows each wheel on the same axle to move vertically independently of the others.

Independent Suspension

A type of vehicle suspension system that allows each wheel on the same axle to move vertically independently of the others.

Independent Suspension

A type of vehicle suspension system that allows each wheel on the same axle to move vertically independently of the others.

Intake Manifold

Part of an engine that supplies the air/fuel mixture to the cylinders.

Intake Manifold

Part of an engine that supplies the air/fuel mixture to the cylinders.

Intake Manifold

Part of an engine that supplies the air/fuel mixture to the cylinders.

Intercooler

A mechanical device used to cool a gas after compression.

Intercooler

A mechanical device used to cool a gas after compression.

Intercooler

A mechanical device used to cool a gas after compression.

Ignition Coil

An induction coil in an automobile's ignition system that transforms the battery's voltage to the thousands of volts needed to create an electric spark in the spark plugs to ignite the fuel.

Ignition Coil

An induction coil in an automobile's ignition system that transforms the battery's voltage to the thousands of volts needed to create an electric spark in the spark plugs to ignite the fuel.

Ignition Coil

An induction coil in an automobile's ignition system that transforms the battery's voltage to the thousands of volts needed to create an electric spark in the spark plugs to ignite the fuel.

Idle Air Control Valve (IAC)

A component used by the ECU to control the engine's idle RPM.

Idle Air Control Valve (IAC)

A component used by the ECU to control the engine's idle RPM.

Idle Air Control Valve (IAC)

A component used by the ECU to control the engine's idle RPM.

Inflatable Curtain

A type of airbag that protects the vehicle's occupants' heads in a side impact.

Inflatable Curtain

A type of airbag that protects the vehicle's occupants' heads in a side impact.

Inflatable Curtain

A type of airbag that protects the vehicle's occupants' heads in a side impact.

Injector

A device for injecting liquid fuel directly into an engine's combustion chamber.

Injector

A device for injecting liquid fuel directly into an engine's combustion chamber.

Injector

A device for injecting liquid fuel directly into an engine's combustion chamber.

Jounce

The upward movement of a wheel or suspension, as when a vehicle hits a bump.

Jounce

The upward movement of a wheel or suspension, as when a vehicle hits a bump.

Jounce

The upward movement of a wheel or suspension, as when a vehicle hits a bump.

Jack

A device used to raise a vehicle off the ground so it can be worked on.

Jack

A device used to raise a vehicle off the ground so it can be worked on.

Jack

A device used to raise a vehicle off the ground so it can be worked on.

Jumper Cable

A pair of electrical cables with alligator clips at the ends, used to start a vehicle with a discharged or dead battery.

Jumper Cable

A pair of electrical cables with alligator clips at the ends, used to start a vehicle with a discharged or dead battery.

Jumper Cable

A pair of electrical cables with alligator clips at the ends, used to start a vehicle with a discharged or dead battery.

Jounce Bumper

A component of the suspension system designed to limit the downward movement of the suspension.

Jounce Bumper

A component of the suspension system designed to limit the downward movement of the suspension.

Jounce Bumper

A component of the suspension system designed to limit the downward movement of the suspension.

Joint (Universal/U-Joint)

A joint in a rigid rod that allows the rod to 'bend' in any direction, commonly used in shafts that transmit rotary motion.

Joint (Universal/U-Joint)

A joint in a rigid rod that allows the rod to 'bend' in any direction, commonly used in shafts that transmit rotary motion.

Joint (Universal/U-Joint)

A joint in a rigid rod that allows the rod to 'bend' in any direction, commonly used in shafts that transmit rotary motion.

Jeep

A term often used to describe all vehicles of this kind, but technically a registered trademark currently owned by Stellantis.

Jeep

A term often used to describe all vehicles of this kind, but technically a registered trademark currently owned by Stellantis.

Jeep

A term often used to describe all vehicles of this kind, but technically a registered trademark currently owned by Stellantis.

Jounce Damper

A part of the suspension system designed to soften the impact of the vehicle's suspension reaching the limit of its travel, or "jouncing".

Jounce Damper

A part of the suspension system designed to soften the impact of the vehicle's suspension reaching the limit of its travel, or "jouncing".

Jounce Damper

A part of the suspension system designed to soften the impact of the vehicle's suspension reaching the limit of its travel, or "jouncing".

Joule

A unit of energy in the International System of Units. It's equal to the energy transferred to an object when a force of one newton acts on that object in the direction of the force's motion through a distance of one meter.

Joule

Jet Fuel

A type of aviation fuel designed for use in aircraft powered by gas-turbine engines. Not typically used in cars, but sometimes brought up in automotive discussions when discussing efficiency and power.

Jet Fuel

Knock Sensor

A device that senses knocking in the engine and retards the ignition spark timing to prevent damage and increase efficiency.

Knock Sensor

A device that senses knocking in the engine and retards the ignition spark timing to prevent damage and increase efficiency.

Knock Sensor

A device that senses knocking in the engine and retards the ignition spark timing to prevent damage and increase efficiency.

Keyless Entry

A way of locking and unlocking a car without using a traditional key. Instead, a small fob emits a code that the car recognizes and responds to.

Keyless Entry

A way of locking and unlocking a car without using a traditional key. Instead, a small fob emits a code that the car recognizes and responds to.

Keyless Entry

A way of locking and unlocking a car without using a traditional key. Instead, a small fob emits a code that the car recognizes and responds to.

Kilowatt (kW)

A unit of power equal to 1,000 watts, often used in discussions of electric and hybrid vehicle power.

Kilowatt (kW)

A unit of power equal to 1,000 watts, often used in discussions of electric and hybrid vehicle power.

Kilowatt (kW)

A unit of power equal to 1,000 watts, often used in discussions of electric and hybrid vehicle power.

Kerb Weight

The weight of a vehicle while not loaded with passengers or cargo, but including fuel and other fluids necessary for operation.

Kerb Weight

The weight of a vehicle while not loaded with passengers or cargo, but including fuel and other fluids necessary for operation.

Kerb Weight

The weight of a vehicle while not loaded with passengers or cargo, but including fuel and other fluids necessary for operation.

Kinetic Energy Recovery System (KERS)

A system that captures the kinetic energy of a vehicle under deceleration, stores it, and then uses it to provide a power boost later.

Kinetic Energy Recovery System (KERS)

A system that captures the kinetic energy of a vehicle under deceleration, stores it, and then uses it to provide a power boost later.

Kinetic Energy Recovery System (KERS)

A system that captures the kinetic energy of a vehicle under deceleration, stores it, and then uses it to provide a power boost later.

Kingpin

A part of the front axle in a vehicle that allows for the steering system to function.

Kingpin

A part of the front axle in a vehicle that allows for the steering system to function.

Kingpin

A part of the front axle in a vehicle that allows for the steering system to function.

Kickdown

A feature in automatic transmissions that downshifts the transmission when the throttle is fully applied.

Kickdown

A feature in automatic transmissions that downshifts the transmission when the throttle is fully applied.

Kickdown

A feature in automatic transmissions that downshifts the transmission when the throttle is fully applied.

Kilowatt-Hour (kWh)

A unit of energy equal to 1,000 watt-hours, commonly used to measure the capacity of batteries in electric vehicles.

Kilowatt-Hour (kWh)

A unit of energy equal to 1,000 watt-hours, commonly used to measure the capacity of batteries in electric vehicles.

Kilowatt-Hour (kWh)

A unit of energy equal to 1,000 watt-hours, commonly used to measure the capacity of batteries in electric vehicles.

Knock

An uncontrolled and often damaging mode of combustion, typically caused by excessive heat and pressure in the engine's cylinders.

Knock

An uncontrolled and often damaging mode of combustion, typically caused by excessive heat and pressure in the engine's cylinders.

Knock

An uncontrolled and often damaging mode of combustion, typically caused by excessive heat and pressure in the engine's cylinders.

Key Fob

A small security device with built-in authentication protocols providing access to the physical object, such as a car.

Key Fob

A small security device with built-in authentication protocols providing access to the physical object, such as a car.

Key Fob

A small security device with built-in authentication protocols providing access to the physical object, such as a car.

Limited-Slip Differential (LSD)

A type of differential that limits the difference in rotational speed between the output shafts, preventing one wheel from spinning significantly faster than the other.

Limited-Slip Differential (LSD)

A type of differential that limits the difference in rotational speed between the output shafts, preventing one wheel from spinning significantly faster than the other.

Limited-Slip Differential (LSD)

A type of differential that limits the difference in rotational speed between the output shafts, preventing one wheel from spinning significantly faster than the other.

Lean Burn

A condition in an internal combustion engine in which the air-fuel mixture used for combustion leans more toward air than the ideal stoichiometric ratio.

Lean Burn

A condition in an internal combustion engine in which the air-fuel mixture used for combustion leans more toward air than the ideal stoichiometric ratio.

Lean Burn

A condition in an internal combustion engine in which the air-fuel mixture used for combustion leans more toward air than the ideal stoichiometric ratio.

Lug Nut

A fastener, specifically a nut, used to secure a wheel on a vehicle.

Lug Nut

A fastener, specifically a nut, used to secure a wheel on a vehicle.

Lug Nut

A fastener, specifically a nut, used to secure a wheel on a vehicle.

Low-End Torque

Torque that is produced at low engine RPM.

Low-End Torque

Torque that is produced at low engine RPM.

Low-End Torque

Torque that is produced at low engine RPM.

Liftgate

The rear door of a vehicle that moves upward and downward for access to the cargo area.

Liftgate

The rear door of a vehicle that moves upward and downward for access to the cargo area.

Liftgate

The rear door of a vehicle that moves upward and downward for access to the cargo area.

Leaf Spring

A type of spring composed of several layers of metal stacked upon one another, commonly used in vehicle suspension systems.

Leaf Spring

A type of spring composed of several layers of metal stacked upon one another, commonly used in vehicle suspension systems.

Leaf Spring

A type of spring composed of several layers of metal stacked upon one another, commonly used in vehicle suspension systems.

Litre (L)

A unit of volume equal to 1,000 cubic centimeters, often used in discussions of engine displacement.

Litre (L)

A unit of volume equal to 1,000 cubic centimeters, often used in discussions of engine displacement.

Litre (L)

A unit of volume equal to 1,000 cubic centimeters, often used in discussions of engine displacement.

Lockup Torque Converter

A type of torque converter that includes a mechanism to lock the turbine to the impeller, improving efficiency.

Lockup Torque Converter

A type of torque converter that includes a mechanism to lock the turbine to the impeller, improving efficiency.

Lockup Torque Converter

A type of torque converter that includes a mechanism to lock the turbine to the impeller, improving efficiency.

Lead-Acid Battery

A type of rechargeable battery used in gasoline-powered cars' electrical systems.

Lead-Acid Battery

A type of rechargeable battery used in gasoline-powered cars' electrical systems.

Lead-Acid Battery

A type of rechargeable battery used in gasoline-powered cars' electrical systems.

Lane Keep Assist (LKA)

A feature in some cars that helps the driver keep the car

Lane Keep Assist (LKA)

A feature in some cars that helps the driver keep the car

Lane Keep Assist (LKA)

A feature in some cars that helps the driver keep the car

Manual Transmission

A type of transmission that requires the driver to manually select and engage the gear ratios.

Manual Transmission

A type of transmission that requires the driver to manually select and engage the gear ratios.

Manual Transmission

A type of transmission that requires the driver to manually select and engage the gear ratios.

Mass Air Flow Sensor (MAF)

A sensor used to determine the mass flow rate of air entering a fuel-injected internal combustion engine.

Mass Air Flow Sensor (MAF)

A sensor used to determine the mass flow rate of air entering a fuel-injected internal combustion engine.

Mass Air Flow Sensor (MAF)

A sensor used to determine the mass flow rate of air entering a fuel-injected internal combustion engine.

Manifold

The part of a vehicle that supplies the air-fuel mixture to the cylinders.

Manifold

The part of a vehicle that supplies the air-fuel mixture to the cylinders.

Manifold

The part of a vehicle that supplies the air-fuel mixture to the cylinders.

MacPherson Strut

A type of car suspension system widely used in modern vehicles.

MacPherson Strut

A type of car suspension system widely used in modern vehicles.

MacPherson Strut

A type of car suspension system widely used in modern vehicles.

Muffler

A device for reducing the noise emitted by the exhaust of an internal combustion engine.

Muffler

A device for reducing the noise emitted by the exhaust of an internal combustion engine.

Muffler

A device for reducing the noise emitted by the exhaust of an internal combustion engine.

Multi-Point Fuel Injection (MPFI)

A type of fuel injection where each cylinder is served by at least one separate fuel injector.

Multi-Point Fuel Injection (MPFI)

A type of fuel injection where each cylinder is served by at least one separate fuel injector.

Multi-Point Fuel Injection (MPFI)

A type of fuel injection where each cylinder is served by at least one separate fuel injector.

Mid-Engine

A layout commonly used in sports cars and racing cars where the engine is located towards the middle of the vehicle.

Mid-Engine

A layout commonly used in sports cars and racing cars where the engine is located towards the middle of the vehicle.

Mid-Engine

A layout commonly used in sports cars and racing cars where the engine is located towards the middle of the vehicle.

Miles Per Gallon (MPG)

A measure of how far a vehicle can travel per gallon of fuel.

Miles Per Gallon (MPG)

A measure of how far a vehicle can travel per gallon of fuel.

Miles Per Gallon (MPG)

A measure of how far a vehicle can travel per gallon of fuel.

Monocoque

A structural approach whereby loads are supported through an object's external skin, similar to an eggshell. The term is often used to indicate a unibody, or unitary construction vehicle structure.

Monocoque

A structural approach whereby loads are supported through an object's external skin, similar to an eggshell. The term is often used to indicate a unibody, or unitary construction vehicle structure.

Monocoque

A structural approach whereby loads are supported through an object's external skin, similar to an eggshell. The term is often used to indicate a unibody, or unitary construction vehicle structure.

Multi-Valve

An internal combustion engine design that uses more than two valves per cylinder to allow for improved airflow and combustion.

Multi-Valve

An internal combustion engine design that uses more than two valves per cylinder to allow for improved airflow and combustion.

Multi-Valve

An internal combustion engine design that uses more than two valves per cylinder to allow for improved airflow and combustion.

Nitrous Oxide System (NOS)

An aftermarket system that injects nitrous oxide into an engine to provide a significant increase in horsepower for a short period.

Nitrous Oxide System (NOS)

An aftermarket system that injects nitrous oxide into an engine to provide a significant increase in horsepower for a short period.

Nitrous Oxide System (NOS)

An aftermarket system that injects nitrous oxide into an engine to provide a significant increase in horsepower for a short period.

Naturally Aspirated Engine

An engine that draws air into its cylinders without the aid of a turbocharger or supercharger.

Naturally Aspirated Engine

An engine that draws air into its cylinders without the aid of a turbocharger or supercharger.

Naturally Aspirated Engine

An engine that draws air into its cylinders without the aid of a turbocharger or supercharger.

Navigation System

An electronic system that uses GPS to provide real-time directions.

Navigation System

An electronic system that uses GPS to provide real-time directions.

Navigation System

An electronic system that uses GPS to provide real-time directions.

Neutral (Transmission)

A gear setting in automatic and manual transmissions that disconnects the engine from the wheels, allowing the vehicle to idle or be pushed.

Neutral (Transmission)

A gear setting in automatic and manual transmissions that disconnects the engine from the wheels, allowing the vehicle to idle or be pushed.

Neutral (Transmission)

A gear setting in automatic and manual transmissions that disconnects the engine from the wheels, allowing the vehicle to idle or be pushed.

New Car Assessment Program (NCAP)

A series of safety performance assessments for new vehicles, providing consumers with independent information about the level of safety provided by vehicles in the event of an accident.

New Car Assessment Program (NCAP)

A series of safety performance assessments for new vehicles, providing consumers with independent information about the level of safety provided by vehicles in the event of an accident.

New Car Assessment Program (NCAP)

A series of safety performance assessments for new vehicles, providing consumers with independent information about the level of safety provided by vehicles in the event of an accident.

Noise, Vibration, and Harshness (NVH)

Refers to the study and modification of the noise and vibration characteristics of vehicles, particularly cars and trucks.

Noise, Vibration, and Harshness (NVH)

Refers to the study and modification of the noise and vibration characteristics of vehicles, particularly cars and trucks.

Noise, Vibration, and Harshness (NVH)

Refers to the study and modification of the noise and vibration characteristics of vehicles, particularly cars and trucks.

Non-Interference Engine

An engine design where the pistons and valves don't occupy the same space; if the timing belt or chain breaks, the engine may be saved from major damage.

Non-Interference Engine

An engine design where the pistons and valves don't occupy the same space; if the timing belt or chain breaks, the engine may be saved from major damage.

Non-Interference Engine

An engine design where the pistons and valves don't occupy the same space; if the timing belt or chain breaks, the engine may be saved from major damage.

No-Start

A term used when an engine will not start when the ignition key is turned.

No-Start

A term used when an engine will not start when the ignition key is turned.

No-Start

A term used when an engine will not start when the ignition key is turned.

Non-Slip Differential

A differential fitted with a mechanism that limits the speed and/or torque difference between its outputs. This is designed to prevent wheel slip.

Non-Slip Differential

A differential fitted with a mechanism that limits the speed and/or torque difference between its outputs. This is designed to prevent wheel slip.

Non-Slip Differential

A differential fitted with a mechanism that limits the speed and/or torque difference between its outputs. This is designed to prevent wheel slip.

NVH Damper

Components designed to reduce noise, vibration, and harshness in a vehicle.

NVH Damper

Components designed to reduce noise, vibration, and harshness in a vehicle.

NVH Damper

Components designed to reduce noise, vibration, and harshness in a vehicle.

Overdrive

A gear setting that reduces the power output needed to maintain driving speed in an automobile by reducing gear ratio.

Overdrive

A gear setting that reduces the power output needed to maintain driving speed in an automobile by reducing gear ratio.

Overdrive

A gear setting that reduces the power output needed to maintain driving speed in an automobile by reducing gear ratio.

Oxygen Sensor (O2 Sensor)

A sensor in the exhaust system that provides feedback to the engine control unit about the engine's performance.

Oxygen Sensor (O2 Sensor)

A sensor in the exhaust system that provides feedback to the engine control unit about the engine's performance.

Oxygen Sensor (O2 Sensor)

A sensor in the exhaust system that provides feedback to the engine control unit about the engine's performance.

Overhead Camshaft (OHC)

A design in which the camshaft is placed above the cylinder head, reducing the size and weight of the engine.

Overhead Camshaft (OHC)

A design in which the camshaft is placed above the cylinder head, reducing the size and weight of the engine.

Overhead Camshaft (OHC)

A design in which the camshaft is placed above the cylinder head, reducing the size and weight of the engine.

Overhead Valve (OHV)

A valve configuration where the valves are located in the engine block, and are actuated by pushrods that are driven by a camshaft located in the engine block.

Overhead Valve (OHV)

A valve configuration where the valves are located in the engine block, and are actuated by pushrods that are driven by a camshaft located in the engine block.

Overhead Valve (OHV)

A valve configuration where the valves are located in the engine block, and are actuated by pushrods that are driven by a camshaft located in the engine block.

On-Board Diagnostics (OBD)

A vehicle's self-diagnostic and reporting capability, which gives the vehicle owner or a repair technician access to the status of the various vehicle subsystems.

On-Board Diagnostics (OBD)

A vehicle's self-diagnostic and reporting capability, which gives the vehicle owner or a repair technician access to the status of the various vehicle subsystems.

On-Board Diagnostics (OBD)

A vehicle's self-diagnostic and reporting capability, which gives the vehicle owner or a repair technician access to the status of the various vehicle subsystems.

Octane Rating

A standard measure of the performance of an engine or aviation gasoline.

Octane Rating

A standard measure of the performance of an engine or aviation gasoline.

Octane Rating

A standard measure of the performance of an engine or aviation gasoline.

Off-Road Vehicle

A vehicle designed to be capable of driving off paved or gravel surfaces.

Off-Road Vehicle

A vehicle designed to be capable of driving off paved or gravel surfaces.

Off-Road Vehicle

A vehicle designed to be capable of driving off paved or gravel surfaces.

Oil Filter

A filter designed to remove contaminants from engine oil, transmission oil, lubricating oil, or hydraulic oil.

Oil Filter

A filter designed to remove contaminants from engine oil, transmission oil, lubricating oil, or hydraulic oil.

Oil Filter

A filter designed to remove contaminants from engine oil, transmission oil, lubricating oil, or hydraulic oil.

Oil Pump

A component in the engine that circulates engine oil under pressure to the rotating bearings, the sliding pistons, and the camshaft of the engine.

Oil Pump

A component in the engine that circulates engine oil under pressure to the rotating bearings, the sliding pistons, and the camshaft of the engine.

Oil Pump

A component in the engine that circulates engine oil under pressure to the rotating bearings, the sliding pistons, and the camshaft of the engine.

Oil Seal

A component used to prevent the leakage of lubricant in mechanical equipment.

Oil Seal

A component used to prevent the leakage of lubricant in mechanical equipment.

Oil Seal

A component used to prevent the leakage of lubricant in mechanical equipment.

Powertrain

The main components that generate power and deliver it to the road surface, water, or air.

Powertrain

The main components that generate power and deliver it to the road surface, water, or air.

Powertrain

The main components that generate power and deliver it to the road surface, water, or air.

Piston

A component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors, hydraulic cylinders and pneumatic cylinders that moves within a cylinder and is contained by a cylinder head.

Piston

A component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors, hydraulic cylinders and pneumatic cylinders that moves within a cylinder and is contained by a cylinder head.

Piston

A component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors, hydraulic cylinders and pneumatic cylinders that moves within a cylinder and is contained by a cylinder head.

Pushrod

A metal rod that transfers motion from the camshaft to the valves in an internal combustion engine.

Pushrod

A metal rod that transfers motion from the camshaft to the valves in an internal combustion engine.

Pushrod

A metal rod that transfers motion from the camshaft to the valves in an internal combustion engine.

Power Steering

A system that helps drivers steer by augmenting steering effort of the steering wheel.

Power Steering

A system that helps drivers steer by augmenting steering effort of the steering wheel.

Power Steering

A system that helps drivers steer by augmenting steering effort of the steering wheel.

Performance Chips

Electronic devices that plug into your vehicle's OBD-II port to reprogram the onboard computer for increased performance.

Performance Chips

Electronic devices that plug into your vehicle's OBD-II port to reprogram the onboard computer for increased performance.

Performance Chips

Electronic devices that plug into your vehicle's OBD-II port to reprogram the onboard computer for increased performance.

Parking Brake

Also known as the handbrake, e-brake, and emergency brake, it's a mechanism designed to keep the vehicle securely motionless when parked.

Parking Brake

Also known as the handbrake, e-brake, and emergency brake, it's a mechanism designed to keep the vehicle securely motionless when parked.

Parking Brake

Also known as the handbrake, e-brake, and emergency brake, it's a mechanism designed to keep the vehicle securely motionless when parked.

PCV Valve (Positive Crankcase Ventilation valve)

An important part of the engine even though it is small and sometimes overlooked. It flows crankcase gases back through the engine where they are burned in the combustion chamber instead of being released into the atmosphere.

PCV Valve (Positive Crankcase Ventilation valve)

Paddle Shifters

Levers or paddles mounted on the steering wheel in a vehicle with automatic transmission. They allow the driver to manually select gears.

Paddle Shifters

Levers or paddles mounted on the steering wheel in a vehicle with automatic transmission. They allow the driver to manually select gears.

Paddle Shifters

Levers or paddles mounted on the steering wheel in a vehicle with automatic transmission. They allow the driver to manually select gears.

Payload

The maximum weight (passengers and cargo) a vehicle is designed to carry.

Payload

The maximum weight (passengers and cargo) a vehicle is designed to carry.

Payload

The maximum weight (passengers and cargo) a vehicle is designed to carry.

Paintless Dent Repair (PDR)

A method of removing minor dents from the body of a motor vehicle using rods and special tools to push the dents out from the inside of the body panel.

Paintless Dent Repair (PDR)

A method of removing minor dents from the body of a motor vehicle using rods and special tools to push the dents out from the inside of the body panel.

Paintless Dent Repair (PDR)

A method of removing minor dents from the body of a motor vehicle using rods and special tools to push the dents out from the inside of the body panel.

Quarter Panel

The rear wing of a vehicle.

Quarter Panel

The rear wing of a vehicle.

Quarter Panel

The rear wing of a vehicle.

Quaife Differential

A type of limited-slip differential used in high-performance all-wheel-drive vehicles.

Quaife Differential

A type of limited-slip differential used in high-performance all-wheel-drive vehicles.

Quaife Differential

A type of limited-slip differential used in high-performance all-wheel-drive vehicles.

Quad Exhaust

A type of exhaust system with four outlets or pipes.

Quad Exhaust

A type of exhaust system with four outlets or pipes.

Quad Exhaust

A type of exhaust system with four outlets or pipes.

Quattro

A type of four-wheel drive system developed by the car manufacturer Audi.

Quattro

A type of four-wheel drive system developed by the car manufacturer Audi.

Quattro

A type of four-wheel drive system developed by the car manufacturer Audi.

Quarter Glass

The side window in the front door and the window nearest the back in the rear door of a vehicle.

Quarter Glass

The side window in the front door and the window nearest the back in the rear door of a vehicle.

Quarter Glass

The side window in the front door and the window nearest the back in the rear door of a vehicle.

Quick Ratio Steering

A type of steering system that requires fewer turns of the steering wheel to turn the wheels a certain amount.

Quick Ratio Steering

A type of steering system that requires fewer turns of the steering wheel to turn the wheels a certain amount.

Quick Ratio Steering

A type of steering system that requires fewer turns of the steering wheel to turn the wheels a certain amount.

Quiet Steel

A type of steel used in automotive manufacturing that reduces noise and vibration.

Quiet Steel

A type of steel used in automotive manufacturing that reduces noise and vibration.

Quiet Steel

A type of steel used in automotive manufacturing that reduces noise and vibration.

Quill Drive

A type of drive system that uses a hollow shaft to transfer torque.

Quill Drive

A type of drive system that uses a hollow shaft to transfer torque.

Quill Drive

A type of drive system that uses a hollow shaft to transfer torque.

Quartz Halogen Bulb

A type of bulb used in automotive headlights that offers brighter light than standard halogen bulbs.

Quartz Halogen Bulb

A type of bulb used in automotive headlights that offers brighter light than standard halogen bulbs.

Quartz Halogen Bulb

A type of bulb used in automotive headlights that offers brighter light than standard halogen bulbs.

Quarter Elliptic Spring

A type of vehicle suspension that uses a quarter of an elliptic leaf spring.

Quarter Elliptic Spring

A type of vehicle suspension that uses a quarter of an elliptic leaf spring.

Quarter Elliptic Spring

A type of vehicle suspension that uses a quarter of an elliptic leaf spring.

Radiator

A type of heat exchanger used to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of cooling or heating.

Radiator

A type of heat exchanger used to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of cooling or heating.

Radiator

A type of heat exchanger used to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of cooling or heating.

Rear-Wheel Drive (RWD)

A type of drivetrain that allows a vehicle to be driven by the rear wheels only.

Rear-Wheel Drive (RWD)

A type of drivetrain that allows a vehicle to be driven by the rear wheels only.

Rear-Wheel Drive (RWD)

A type of drivetrain that allows a vehicle to be driven by the rear wheels only.

Recirculating Ball

A type of steering mechanism in which the movement of the steering wheel is converted into a movement of the front wheels via a series of ball bearings.

Recirculating Ball

A type of steering mechanism in which the movement of the steering wheel is converted into a movement of the front wheels via a series of ball bearings.

Recirculating Ball

A type of steering mechanism in which the movement of the steering wheel is converted into a movement of the front wheels via a series of ball bearings.

Rack and Pinion

A type of linear actuator that comprises a pair of gears which convert rotational motion into linear motion.

Rack and Pinion

A type of linear actuator that comprises a pair of gears which convert rotational motion into linear motion.

Rack and Pinion

A type of linear actuator that comprises a pair of gears which convert rotational motion into linear motion.

Rev Matching

A technique used in performance driving where the driver matches the revs (RPMs) of the engine to the rotational speed of the drive wheels to prevent unsettling the balance of the vehicle.

Rev Matching

A technique used in performance driving where the driver matches the revs (RPMs) of the engine to the rotational speed of the drive wheels to prevent unsettling the balance of the vehicle.

Rev Matching

A technique used in performance driving where the driver matches the revs (RPMs) of the engine to the rotational speed of the drive wheels to prevent unsettling the balance of the vehicle.

Roll Cage

A specially engineered and constructed frame built in the passenger compartment of a vehicle to protect its occupants from being injured in a collision or rollover.

Roll Cage

A specially engineered and constructed frame built in the passenger compartment of a vehicle to protect its occupants from being injured in a collision or rollover.

Roll Cage

A specially engineered and constructed frame built in the passenger compartment of a vehicle to protect its occupants from being injured in a collision or rollover.

Rolling Resistance

The force resisting the motion when a body (such as a ball, tire, or wheel) rolls on a surface.

Rolling Resistance

The force resisting the motion when a body (such as a ball, tire, or wheel) rolls on a surface.

Rolling Resistance

The force resisting the motion when a body (such as a ball, tire, or wheel) rolls on a surface.

Rim

The outer part of a wheel that holds the tire.

Rim

The outer part of a wheel that holds the tire.

Rim

The outer part of a wheel that holds the tire.

Rocker Panel

The section of a car's bodywork that is located between the wheel wells and below the doors.

Rocker Panel

The section of a car's bodywork that is located between the wheel wells and below the doors.

Rocker Panel

The section of a car's bodywork that is located between the wheel wells and below the doors.

Rear Differential

A mechanical device consisting of gears, used in vehicles to allow for different speeds of the vehicle's wheels when going around corners.

Rear Differential

A mechanical device consisting of gears, used in vehicles to allow for different speeds of the vehicle's wheels when going around corners.

Rear Differential

A mechanical device consisting of gears, used in vehicles to allow for different speeds of the vehicle's wheels when going around corners.

Suspension

The system of springs, shock absorbers, and linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels, allowing relative motion between the two.

Suspension

The system of springs, shock absorbers, and linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels, allowing relative motion between the two.

Suspension

The system of springs, shock absorbers, and linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels, allowing relative motion between the two.

Supercharger

A compressor used in an internal combustion engine to increase the pressure or density of the air intake, allowing the engine to burn more fuel and do more work, thus increasing power.

Supercharger

A compressor used in an internal combustion engine to increase the pressure or density of the air intake, allowing the engine to burn more fuel and do more work, thus increasing power.

Supercharger

A compressor used in an internal combustion engine to increase the pressure or density of the air intake, allowing the engine to burn more fuel and do more work, thus increasing power.

Spark Plug

A device for delivering electric current from an ignition system to the combustion chamber of a spark-ignition engine to ignite the compressed fuel/air mixture by an electric spark.